Windows of detection of zolpidem in urine and hair: application to two drug facilitated sexual assaults

Forensic Science International : Synergy
Marion VillainPascal Kintz

Abstract

A LC-MS/MS method for the detection of zolpidem in hair was developed to detect this drug after a single dose in possible drug facilitated sexual assaults. To determine the window of detection of zolpidem in both urine and hair, three volunteers received a 10 mg dose. Urine specimens were collected each 12 h for 144 h. Hair was sampled 3-5 weeks after exposure. Hair and urine extracts were separated on a Xterra MS C18 column using a gradient of acetonitrile and formate buffer. For each compound, detection was related to two daughter ions. Zolpidem was detected for up to 60 h in urine with peak concentrations obtained at 12 h. A single exposure to zolpidem was detected in hair at concentrations ranging from 1.8 to 9.8 pg/mg. Hair analysis was applied to two possible criminal cases. In the first case, zolpidem tested positive in the corresponding hair segment at 4.4 pg/mg. In the other case, zolpidem was detected in all the segments analyzed, demonstrating likely previous drug use in addition to recent exposure associated with a positive blood result.

References


❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 17, 2013·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Chen HangShen Min
Dec 15, 2010·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Ping XiangMin Shen
May 10, 2013·Journal of Analytical Toxicology·Xiaopei CuiMin Shen
Dec 24, 2010·Bioanalysis·Mário BarrosoJoão António Queiroz
Apr 8, 2006·Biomedical Papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacký, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia·Marie Balíková
Feb 7, 2012·Bioanalysis·Milena Araújo Tonon, Pierina Sueli Bonato
Mar 13, 2014·Journal of Analytical Toxicology·Pascal KintzJean-Michel Gaulier
Apr 18, 2014·Journal of Analytical Toxicology·Min Shen, Ping Xiang
Jul 14, 2011·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Alberto SalomoneMarco Vincenti
Sep 14, 2014·Journal of Analytical Toxicology·David M SchwopeRebecca Heltsley
Sep 12, 2012·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Min ShenPing Xiang
Oct 25, 2011·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Pascal Kintz
Jun 7, 2011·Forensic Science International : Synergy·S DulaurentG Lachâtre
Oct 17, 2008·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Alan Wayne JonesJohan Ahlner
Nov 21, 2007·Forensic Science International : Synergy·UNKNOWN Society of Hair TestingRobert Kronstrand
Oct 11, 2015·Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine·Ping XiangOlaf H Drummer
Nov 21, 2012·Mass Spectrometry Reviews·Marco VincentiValentina Pirro
Oct 15, 2013·Drug Testing and Analysis·Milena M MadryThomas Kraemer
May 13, 2014·Drug Testing and Analysis·Gerd Jakobsson, Robert Kronstrand
Mar 15, 2005·Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine·Pascal KintzBertrand Ludes
Jun 24, 2010·Annales pharmaceutiques françaises·M K S Shbair, M Lhermitte
Jul 4, 2006·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Frank Musshoff, Burkhard Madea
May 19, 2006·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Rachel C Irving, Stuart J Dickson
Apr 21, 2006·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Fritz Pragst, Marie A Balikova
Jun 9, 2005·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Vigdis OlsenJørg Mørland
Apr 25, 2016·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Beril AnilanmertMünevver Açikkol
Dec 12, 2012·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Yan ShiMin Shen
Aug 16, 2017·Journal of Forensic Sciences·Gunhild HeideGudrun Høiseth
Jun 17, 2006·Therapeutic Drug Monitoring·Pascal KintzVincent Cirimele
Mar 28, 2008·Therapeutic Drug Monitoring·Marc A LeBeau
Nov 11, 2009·The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology·Constantine MaraveliasChara Spiliopoulou
Oct 2, 2019·Praxis·Tim BühlerMatthias E Liechti
Mar 4, 2020·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Christopher DaviesJoanne Morrissey
Mar 28, 2008·Therapeutic Drug Monitoring·Pascal KintzVincent Cirimele
May 8, 2019·Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan·Noriaki ShimaMunehiro Katagi
Nov 13, 2020·Journal of Analytical Toxicology·Anna CarforaRenata Borriello

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.