Wooden objects from Ohalo II (23,000 cal BP), Jordan Valley, Israel

Journal of Human Evolution
Dani NadelElla Werker

Abstract

Eight wooden objects were found at Ohalo II, a submerged and well-preserved site in the Sea of Galilee, Israel. The fisher-hunter-gatherers' site has been radiometrically dated to 22,500-23,500 (cal BP) with 45 assays read by four laboratories. The wooden objects were found on brush-hut floors. They include a bark plank with polish and use signs, pencil-shaped specimens with longitudinal shavings, and other types that may have been decorative or symbolic. One incised wooden object is identical in size and incision pattern to a gazelle bone implement found in a grave, behind a human skull. The recovered wooden objects are not directly related to hunting, gathering, or fishing, and frustratingly, there are no remains of bows, arrows, spears, handles, or other such items. Nonetheless, the objects present a wide repertoire in terms of size, shape, and possible function. The new finds add to the growing body of evidence concerning the use of perishable materials during the Upper Paleolithic.

References

Feb 21, 2002·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Naama Goren-InbarMordechai Kislev
Sep 1, 1949·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·M F ASHLEY MONTAGU, K P OAKLEY

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Citations

Apr 14, 2012·Evolutionary Anthropology·Lisa A MaherJay T Stock
Dec 3, 2015·PloS One·Marcos García-Diez, Manuel Vaquero
Nov 24, 2016·PloS One·Iris Groman-YaroslavskiDani Nadel
Apr 6, 2020·Journal of Human Evolution·Dominique Grimaud-HervéIsrael Hershkovitz

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