WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 2 is important for protoderm and suspensor development in the gymnosperm Norway spruce

BMC Plant Biology
Tianqing ZhuS Von Arnold

Abstract

Distinct expression domains of WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX (WOX) gene family members are involved in patterning and morphogenesis of the early embryo in Arabidopsis. However, the role of WOX genes in other taxa, including gymnosperms, remains elusive. Here, we use somatic embryos and reverse genetics for studying expression and function of PaWOX2, the corresponding homolog of AtWOX2 in the gymnosperm Picea abies (Pa; Norway spruce). The mRNA level of PaWOX2 was transiently up-regulated during early and late embryogeny. PaWOX2 mRNA in early and early late embryos was detected both in the embryonal mass and in the upper part of the suspensor. Down-regulation of PaWOX2 during development of early embryos resulted in aberrant early embryos, which failed to form a proper protoderm. Cells on the surface layer of the embryonal mass became vacuolated, and new embryogenic tissue differentiated from the embryonal mass. In addition, the aberrant early embryos lacked a distinct border between the embryonal mass, and the suspensor and the length of the suspensor cells was reduced. Down-regulation of PaWOX2 in the beginning of embryo development, before late embryos were formed, caused a significant decrease in the yield of mature embryos. On t...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Sep 1, 2016·Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology·Joakim PalovaaraDolf Weijers
Oct 12, 2019·BMC Plant Biology·Christopher E YoungstromChi-Lien Cheng
Nov 20, 2016·BMC Plant Biology·Irene MerinoSara von Arnold
Dec 13, 2018·Frontiers in Plant Science·Kateřina EliášováMartin Vágner
Sep 5, 2021·Physiologia Plantarum·Liyang SuBingcong Xing

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AM286747

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
transgenic
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
Adobe Photoshop

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