PMID: 7537977Feb 1, 1995Paper

Xanthomonas maltophilia misidentified as Pseudomonas cepacia in cultures of sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis: a diagnostic pitfall with major clinical implications

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
D R BurdgeD P Speert

Abstract

Pseudomonas cepacia infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) has major significance in terms of infection control, psychosocial issues, and medical treatment. We describe three instances in which the diagnostic laboratory misidentified Xanthomonas maltophilia as P. cepacia in cultures of sputum from patients with CF. These errors were recognized when 3 (9%) of 32 isolates, which had all been identified as P. cepacia and had been submitted to the Canadian Pseudomonas Repository Laboratory (Vancouver, BC), were correctly identified there as X. maltophilia. Each of the three isolates grew well on P. cepacia media, turned a characteristic vivid pink color, were polymyxin-resistant, and were lysine-positive. All three were initially characterized incorrectly as oxidase-positive and DNase-negative. The diagnostic laboratory then reexamined 24 other isolates that had been identified as P. cepacia; complete biochemical testing confirmed that all were indeed P. cepacia. Because infection due to P. cepacia has major implications for patients with CF, when a possible strain of P. cepacia is isolated, careful and complete characterization should be performed.

Citations

Mar 5, 1997·Carbohydrate Research·A M Winn, S G Wilkinson
Oct 12, 2002·Paediatric Respiratory Reviews·David Paul Speert
May 6, 1999·Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine·H C Mwandumba, N J Beeching
Jan 11, 2012·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Joanna S Brooke
Apr 9, 2010·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·John J Lipuma
Mar 6, 2009·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Timothy J KiddUNKNOWN ACPinCF Investigators
Dec 31, 2010·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Lisa A CarmodyJohn J LiPuma
Jul 1, 1997·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·R P BaughmanR W Wilmott
Mar 19, 2002·Emerging Infectious Diseases·David P SpeertEshwar Mahenthiralingam
Jun 7, 2003·Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology : the Official Journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America·Lisa SaimanUNKNOWN Cystic Fibrosis Foundation
Dec 2, 2000·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·P W WhitbyT L Stull

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