Xenosurveillance: a novel mosquito-based approach for examining the human-pathogen landscape

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Nathan D GrubaughDoug E Brackney

Abstract

Globally, regions at the highest risk for emerging infectious diseases are often the ones with the fewest resources. As a result, implementing sustainable infectious disease surveillance systems in these regions is challenging. The cost of these programs and difficulties associated with collecting, storing and transporting relevant samples have hindered them in the regions where they are most needed. Therefore, we tested the sensitivity and feasibility of a novel surveillance technique called xenosurveillance. This approach utilizes the host feeding preferences and behaviors of Anopheles gambiae, which are highly anthropophilic and rest indoors after feeding, to sample viruses in human beings. We hypothesized that mosquito bloodmeals could be used to detect vertebrate viral pathogens within realistic field collection timeframes and clinically relevant concentrations. To validate this approach, we examined variables influencing virus detection such as the duration between mosquito blood feeding and mosquito processing, the pathogen nucleic acid stability in the mosquito gut and the pathogen load present in the host's blood at the time of bloodmeal ingestion using our laboratory model. Our findings revealed that viral nucleic aci...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KM280689.1
KM280689
Uy251

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
RNA-Seq
blood draws

Software Mentioned

PathoID
PathoScope
GraphPad
GraphPad Prism
PathoQC
PathoMap
Geneious
PathoReport
CFX manager
PathoLib

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