ZnO nanoparticle preparation route influences surface reactivity, dissolution and cytotoxicity

Environmental Science. Nano
Catherine B AndersDenise G Wingett

Abstract

ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO) are commonly used in nanotechnology applications despite their demonstrated cytotoxicity against multiple cell types. This underscores the significant need to determine the physicochemical properties that influence nZnO cytotoxicity. In this study, we analyzed six similarly sized nZnO formulations, along with SiO2-coated nZnO, bulk ZnO and ZnSO4 as controls. Four of the nZnO samples were synthesized using various wet chemical methods, while three employed high-temperature flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) techniques. X-ray diffraction and optical analysis demonstrated the lattice parameters and electron band gap of the seven nZnO formulations were similar. However, electrophoretic mobility measures, hydrodynamic size, photocatalytic rate constants, dissolution potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and, more importantly, the cytotoxicity of the variously synthesized nZnO towards Jurkat leukemic and primary CD4+ T cells displayed major differences. Surface structure analysis using FTIR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies (XPS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed significant differences in the surface-bound chemical groups and the agglomeration tendencies of the samples. The wet chemical nZ...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 18, 2020·Materials·Willie J G M PeijnenburgWendel Wohlleben
Oct 21, 2018·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Diana VisinescuOana Carp
Jun 8, 2019·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Josh E EixenbergerDenise G Wingett
Jun 1, 2019·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Biomembranes·Daniele ZanellaGiovanni Bernardini

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
transmission
dynamic light scattering
FACS
PCA
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

Spigot
Opus
Gatan
Materials Analysis Using Diffraction ( MAUD )
OriginLabPro
Image J
NovaWin
Digital Micrograph
JMP Pro

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